1: Deziel, C. (2019, March 02). How to Calculate the Volume of a Person. Retrieved from https://sciencing.com/calculate-volume-person-7853815.html
Sciencing.com is a website that is meant for use as a student resource. The site encompasses a multitude of different resources pertaining to math and science, such as projects, information, lessons, and news. The article linked details the different ways to calculate the volume of space that a person takes up. One method involves measuring the amount of water that a person displaces when sitting in a tub as it is equal to the volume of the person themselves. However, an easier method simply involves taking a person’s mass and divide it by the average density of a person to find their approximate volume. This article was needed as documentation of the quantity of human density, which is approximately 1010kg/m^3 in order to calculate the volume of water Samus would displace when using her suit.
2: Drag Coefficient. (2004). Retrieved from https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/drag-coefficient-d_627.htmlLibretexts. (2019, February 23).
The Engineering ToolBox is a website dedicated to providing free tools and information for design, engineering, and other technical applications. This article focuses on the concept of the drag coefficient and drag force, as well as its different applications of them in science. The article describes drag as a force that is experienced by any object when moving through a fluid (i.e. air or water). The article expresses drag force as a function of an object’s velocity, its projected area, the density of the fluid it is moving through, and the object’s coefficient of drag, a directionless and unitless quantity that is used to quantify drag force based on the object’s projected area, as well as a few other factors such as the mach number of the object and the roughness of the surface they are moving through. The article lists several drag coefficients for many different common bodies. In particular, the coefficient of a human in upright position is listed as approximately 1.0-1.3. The article also presents some example calculation based on drag force on an average car to help contextualize drag force itself.
3: 6.3: Daltons Law. Retrieved from https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/General_Chemistry/Book:_Chem1_(Lower)/06._Properties_of_Gases/6.3:_Daltons_Law
The Libretexts library is a multi-institutional venture, dedicated to providing open access to scientific and technical information and supported by the U.S. Department of Education. The site functions somewhat like an online textbook and is under constant revision by experts in order to keep all information up to date. All information on the website is free to access by anyone and is intended to serve as a replacement for physical text books. This section on the website in particular, covers several concepts on gases in chemistry, such as molar volume and density of a gas, compositions of gas mixtures, and Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures. The text states that all gases closely follow ideal gas law (PV = nRT) and as such, the molar volume of any gas is approximately 22.4 liters at standard temperature and pressure. This information was important for finding the approximate molar volume of earth’s atmosphere for the sake of calculations for the ice beam ability within Super Metroid.
4: Engineering Thermodynamics. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.ohio.edu/mechanical/thermo/property_tables/combustion/Enth_Formation.html
5: How Is A Body Cremated? (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.cremationresource.org/cremation/how-is-a-body-cremated.html
Cremation resource is a website dedicated to the explanation of cremation as well as any other topics that someone looking into cremation would be interested in. Cremation is the process of reducing a body to ash by heating it to extremely high temperatures in a closed container. The process is typically done as a post-funeral rite where the ashes of the deceased are either buried or retained by their family members. The website goes in depth on the entire cremation process, religious significance of cremation, different ways that cremated ashes are stored, as well as how one can arrange a cremation and how much it would cost. The particular reason this site was researched was to discover the temperature at which cremation is done, in order to conclude at what temperature a person would turn to ash.
6: Metroidvania. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/Metroidvania
TV tropes is a website devoted to the documentation of tropes, as well as other commonalities in storytelling. The site serves as an excellent resource for information on various different plot devices and conventions, as well as their presence in many forms of media, such as movies, television shows, video games, etc… This particular article is dedicated to the topic of the Metroidvania game sub-genre. The article describes Metroidvania as a sub-genre in which there is a heavy emphasis on exploration and non-linear progression. Often times, players will need to backtrack to areas they have already visited, as they gain new abilities that will allow them to progress further in the game and potentially find more upgrades and/or abilities. The sub-genre gets its name from the likes of the Metroid game series, as well as later games in the Castlevania franchise (particularly Castlevania: Symphony of The Night), both of which were popularized largely due to their use of this progression style.
7: Mullen, L. (1999, June 18). Human Voltage. Retrieved from https://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/1999/essd18jun99_1
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is an independent agency of the United States government which is responsible for all research related to aeronautics and aerospace. NASA is responsible for the oversight of most if not all space exploration efforts by the United States, including the Apollo moon landing and the Skylab space station. This article from their website explores the scenario of humans being struck by lightning. The article goes into detail about many different aspects of the topic, such as how often it happens, the fatality rate, and how it compares to a typical industrial electric shock. I used this article to compare the voltage output of the screw attack to that of a lightning bolt striking a human.
8: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. (1998, May). WORKER DEATHS BY ELECTROCUTION A Summary of NIOSH Surveillance and Investigative Findings [PDF]. Cincinnati, Ohio. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/98-131/pdfs/98-131.pdf
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is a federal agency of the United States of America: Department of Health and Human Services. Headquartered in Washington D.C with other research labs planted all across the country, NIOSH is responsible for conducting research and taking action to help prevent occupational injuries and deaths within the workplace. NIOSH provides lists of recommendations and standards as well as training for various different companies to ensure the safety of workers everywhere. This particular article details all NIOSH gathered information on worker deaths by electrocution, such as types of electrical hazards and how workers can be exposed to them. It was extremely useful for determining how the electrical resistance of the human body fluctuates based on different circumstances.
9: Nintendo Consumer Electronics. (1991). Metroid II Manual.
10: Oskin, B. (2014, February 16). Under Active Volcanoes, Magma Sits in Cold Storage. Retrieved from https://www.livescience.com/43429-volcanoes-cold-magma-storage.html
LiveScience is a website which specializes in the distribution and summation of all the latest news in scientific discovery. The site contains a multitude of articles covering many different scientific fields of study, including but not limited to; space, biology, and technology. This particular article delves into research surrounding crystals in ancient lava flows, which were formed hundreds of years ago by eruptions of Mount Hood, located in the Oregon Cascades. According to the article, these crystals were formed in the magma chamber of the volcano and were predicted to have remained there for as long as 100,000 years. Scientists were able to analyze these crystals in order to learn more information about the volcano itself. In particular, they were able to conclude that the average internal temperature of the volcano was approximately 750 degrees Celsius. This information was very useful in conduction research for the ice beam, as it provided a reference temperature that was crucial for several calculations.
11: Samus Aran – Wikipedia. (2019, March 06). Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samus_Aran
Wikipedia is a web-based encyclopedia that serves to deliver quick and easy access to information on almost any topic imaginable. The website follows a model of openly editable content, permitting almost any online user to freely document and edit information on the website, allowing it to stay accurate and up to date. However, any edits made to articles on the site must be approved by admins and moderators of the site. Furthermore, all information is under constant review and must be credible through the citation of several different sources in order to be approved. This prevents any information from being tampered with and ensures that no misinformation is spread. The article linked above details information on the fictional character of bounty hunter Samus Aran; the protagonist of the Metroid video game franchise created by Nintendo. The article contains a multitude of different information on the character, including history, conception, physical attributes, appearances across different games, and cultural impact. Most importantly, the article details her height and weight, both of which were significant in a multitude of calculations for this blog.
12: Tazawa, K. (2003). Metroid(Vol. 1). Tokyo: Kodansha.
Metroid (often referred to as the Metroid manga) is a Japanese style graphic novel that details the origin story of the fictional bounty hunter known as Samus Aran. Samus Aran is most commonly known as the main character of the Metroid series of video games, developed by The Nintendo Consumer Electronics company. The manga begins with Samus during her childhood, in which her home planet of K-2L was raided by a hostile alien race known as the Space Pirates, leaving her as the only survivor. Samus is taken into the care of the Chozo, a wise race of peacekeeping bird-like aliens who bring her to one of their colonies on the planet Zebes. In order to survive the harsher environment, Samus is infused with Chozo DNA, enhancing her physical and mental capabilities. Throughout her years, she is trained by the Chozo as a warrior and gifted the Power Suit, which she uses throughout the games. The rest of the story explores several events in Samus’ past, including her time spent as a soldier in the Galactic Federation, before becoming a freelance bounty hunter. The manga serves well in establishing Samus’ personality, as well as giving the character a proper backstory that would have been more difficult to establish within the games, given that it would hinder the pace of gameplay.
The Physics of Super Metroid 